Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health

Siva K. Nalabotu

1 Article

Exposure to Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Is Associated With Activation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases Signaling and Apoptosis in Rat Lungs: Kevin M. Rice, Siva K. Nalabotu, Nandini D.P.K. Manne, Madhukar B. Kolli, Geeta Nandyala, Ravikumar Arvapalli, Jane Y. Ma, Eric R. Blough; J Prev Med Public Health. 2015;48(3):132-141. Published online May 18, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3961/jpmph.15.006

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Objectives
With recent advances in nanoparticle manufacturing and applications, potential exposure to nanoparticles in various settings is becoming increasing likely. No investigation has yet been performed to assess whether respiratory tract exposure to cerium oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticles is associated with alterations in protein signaling, inflammation, and apoptosis in rat lungs.
Methods
Specific-pathogen-free male Sprague-Dawley rats were instilled with either vehicle (saline) or CeO₂ nanoparticles at a dosage of 7.0 mg/kg and euthanized 1, 3, 14, 28, 56, or 90 days after exposure. Lung tissues were collected and evaluated for the expression of proteins associated with inflammation and cellular apoptosis.
Results
No change in lung weight was detected over the course of the study; however, cerium accumulation in the lungs, gross histological changes, an increased Bax to Bcl-2 ratio, elevated cleaved caspase-3 protein levels, increased phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, and diminished phosphorylation of ERK-1/2-MAPK were detected after CeO₂ instillation (p<0.05).
Conclusions
Taken together, these data suggest that high-dose respiratory exposure to CeO₂ nanoparticles is associated with lung inflammation, the activation of signaling protein kinases, and cellular apoptosis, which may be indicative of a long-term localized inflammatory response.

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